The semiarid southwest region of the United States refers to the area encompassing parts of Arizona, New Mexico, Texas, and southern California. This region is characterized by low annual rainfall, high temperatures, and a mix of desert and grassland ecosystems. Research in the semiarid southwest often focuses on topics such as water scarcity, drought, land use change, climate change impacts, agriculture, and ecological conservation. Scientists in this area study how these factors interact with each other and how they affect the natural environment, ecosystems, and human communities in the region. Efforts to address challenges in the semiarid southwest typically involve interdisciplinary research involving geographers, hydrologists, climatologists, ecologists, and social scientists working together to develop sustainable solutions for managing natural resources, improving water management, and mitigating the impacts of climate change.